9 Kufuneka ukwazi imithetho yexinzelelo lweValve: Ukusuka ekuchongeni ekukhetheni ubungcali

Isilimela 16, 2025

Iivalves zizinto eziphambili eziphambili kwiinkqubo zokulawula, kwaye ukuqonda ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokukhetha ilungelo Ingcinezelo yeValve Ukulinganisa kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko kunye nozinzo kuyo yonke inkqubo. Ukukhetha okungachanekanga kunokukhokelela kwiValve, umonakalo, okanye neziganeko ezinamandla zokhuseleko. Esi sikhokelo siza kusebenza njengomthombo ogunyazisiweyo wokuphendula yonke imibuzo ephambili malunga nengcinezelo yeValve.

Isiqulatho

Yintoni i-Valli?

Uxinzelelo lweValve lubhekisa kuxinzelelo olupheleleyo oluvumelekileyo ivalve inokumelana nobushushu obuthile. Le ngcinga iqhelekile iqondwa ngamanqanaba amabini:

Uxinzelelo olufanelekileyo (Pn): Eli lixabiso lesalathiso elisetyenziselwa uyilo, ukuvelisa, kunye nesicelo, Ukumela amandla oxinzelelo olupheleleyo lwevali. Ihlala ichongwa “Pn” kwaye luluhlu olumiselweyo. Ayithethi ukuba uxinzelelo olufanayo lokusebenza lunokugcinwa kuwo onke amaqondo obushushu.
Uxinzelelo lokusebenza: Le yeyona nto inyanzelise i-valve ifakwe kwisicelo sehlabathi lokwenyani kwiqondo lokusebenza elithile. Uxinzelelo lokusebenza kufuneka luhlale lungaphantsi okanye lilingane noxinzelelo olupheleleyo lwe-valve kwiqondo lokushisa.

Yintoni i-valve yoxinzelelo?

A I-Valve I-Vandore yinkqubo yokuhlelwa ngokumiliselweyo ewahlula amandla enkxalabo ye-valve ngokwemigangatho ethile (njenge-asme, Ngaphakathi, Api).

Iikhonsepthi kunye nesigama samanqanaba ohlukeneyo e-valve

Uxinzelelo olufanelekileyo (Pn): Inkqubo esemgangathweni yaseYurophu (Ngaphakathi 1092-1), isekwe kwimivalo, luthotho lweenombolo zesalathiso ezinxulumene namandla evalini.
Umgangatho weklasi (I-IB): Inkqubo esemgangathweni yaseMelika (Asme B16.34, B16.5) Ngaba uthotho lweeklasi ezisekwe kuxinzelelo lunokumelana nobushushu obahlukeneyo. Esi sisitshixo sokuqonda Ixabiso le-velic, Njengoko idityaniswe ngeqondo lobushushu. Zonke iintlobo, ukusuka kwi Isango le-Palve I-Palve iya ku Umgangatho we-Halve Woolt, Landela le nkqubo.
I-API I-AP: IZiko lePetroleum yaseMelika (Api) Ukuseka ireyithi yoxinzelelo kwishishini leoyile negesi, njenge 2000, 3000, 5000, 10000 I-PSI in API 7A, ezichaziweyo zoxinzelelo lokusebenza.

Zeziphi iiyunithi zengcinezelo yeValve?

Ibha: Iyunithi eqhelekileyo yamazwe aqhelekileyo yexinzelelo lweValve. 1 Bar ≈ 1 iatmosfera.
Mpa (Megapascal): Icandelo Loxinzelelo Lokuqala kwiNkqubo yeVolide yeYunithi yeYunithi (Kwaye). 1 Mpa = 1,000,000 Pa.
Psi (Iipawundi nganye kwi-intshi): Iyunithi ye-valve ye-imperial, ixhaphake kakhulu eMntla Merika.
kgf / cm² (I-kilogram): Icandelo le-Occial Atymorser.

Ungalubona njani amanqaku oxinzelelo kwibhunga levali?

Iimpawu ezikhutshelweyo okanye ezinesitampu kwi-valve ze-vali zeyona ndlela ithe ngqo yokuchonga amandla. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya:

Inqanaba le-PN: I-E.G., PN16, Pn25, Pn40. Oku kubonisa i-visi yoxinzelelo lwe-valve kwimivalo kwaye sisichazi esiphambili kwi-European (Ngaphakathi) Inkqubo esemgangathweni.
Iklasi (okanye umlinganiso wepawundi): I-E.G., 150I-IB, Iklasi 150, 300I-IB. Le yindawo yokulinganisa ye-conjiimier ye-american (I-asme) Inkqubo esemgangathweni. Inombolo ayihambelani ngqo kwi-PSI. Iklasi 150 ivalve ayithethi ukuba inokuthi ichaphazele kuphela 150 Psi; amandla ayo kufuneka amiselwe kwiTshathi yeThe Right -Xatha ehambelanayo.
Ubunzima / I-CWP: I-E.G., 600 Ubunzima okanye 1000 I-CWP.
- Ubunzima Imile yamanzi, Ioyile, Irhasi.
- I-CWP imele uxinzelelo olubandayo olubandayo.
- Ubunzima / I-CWP zitshintshiselana kakhulu kwaye zibonise uhlobo oluphezulu kwi-valve enokuphatha ngamaqondo obushushu afanelekileyo (Ngokwesiqhelo -20 ° F ukuya kwi-100 ° F okanye -29 ° C ukuya kwi-38 ° C) emanzini, ioyile, kunye neegesi zegesi. Umzekelo, a I-Brass Ball Palli Reving ye “800 Ubunzima” kuthetha ukuba inokuphatha ngokukhuselekileyo 800 I-PSI phantsi kubanda, Iimeko ezinganyangekiyo.

Uxinzelelo lokusebenza kwiklasi– Asme B16.34-2004

Ungabala njani phakathi kweeyunithi ezahlukeneyo zoxinzelelo?

Iyunithi yokuGqibela ibalulekile kubalo oluchanekileyo. Nazi ukuguqulwa koxinzelelo lwexabiso:

1 Mpa ≈ 145 Psi
1 Bar ≈ 14.5 Psi
1 Ibha = 0.1 Mpa
1 kgf / cm² ≈ 0.98 Bar ≈ 14.2 Psi

Ungaguqula njani phakathi kweereyithi zeValve zeValve?

Le yinto ebaluleke kakhulu kwaye ihlala iqonde: Akukho fomula yemathematics yemathematics yokuguqula phakathi kwe-PN ratings kunye nenqanaba leklasi!

Kungenxa yokuba isekwe kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ezisemgangathweni, I-Translations yobushushu, kunye namaqela ezinto. Nangona kunjalo, Ukuphucula izicelo zobunjineli, ezilandelayo Itshati yembalelwano malunga inokubhekiswa. Itshathi ilungiselelwe kuphela; Ukhetho oluchanekileyo kufuneka lusekwe kumgangatho othile.

Itafile 1: I-Valve Carding Vs. Isalathiso soGuqulelo lwe-PN

Umgangatho weklasi	Pn (Uxinzelelo olufanelekileyo)
Iklasi 150	Pn 20
Iklasi 300	Pn 50
Iklasi 400	Pn 68
Iklasi 600	Pn 110
Iklasi 900	Pn 150
Iklasi 1500	Pn 260
Iklasi 2500	Pn 420

Ubudlelwane bengcinezelo yexabiso le-valve (P-t) Imilinganiselo

I I-Valve uxinzelelo-iqondo lokushishina yeyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu ekukhetheni ivelve. Ichaza ukuba uxinzelelo oluvumelekileyo lokusebenza lweValve Dehla njengoko ubushushu obusebenza bunyuka.

Kuyo yonke ivali ethile emva kwemigangatho ye-ASM, Inqanaba loxinzelelo lichazwa ngu I-Valve Itshathi yeChithi yokuHlola. Le tshathi, Ngokusekwe kwi-valve isixhobo (I-E.G., I-Carbon Steel A216 WCB, Intsimbi engenasitayile i-A351 cf8m) kwaye Umgangatho weklasi, Iinkcukacha ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu lokusebenza kubushushu obahlukeneyo.

Njengokuba, iklasi 150 I-carbon ye-carbon syve inokusingatha kufutshane 285 I-PSI kwiqondo lobushushu, Kodwa njengoko iqondo lobushushu liphuma ukuya kwi-300 ° C (572° f), uxinzelelo lwayo oluvumelekileyo lungaphunyelwa ngezantsi 100 Psi.

Zithini izinto eziphambili ezichaphazela i-vetrongs yexabiso le-valve?

Izinto zomzimba zeValve: Le yeyona nto ithatha isigqibo. Izixhobo ezahlukeneyo (I-carbon yensimbi, yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo, intsimbi ye-alloy, ubhedu) ube namandla amakhulu oomatshini kunye nokunganyangeki kwamaqondo obushushu.
Iqondo lokusebenza: Njengoko kuchaziwe, Iqondo lobushushu linefuthe ngokuthe ngqo amandla endalo kwaye oko ke kumba amandla okusebenzisa uxinzelelo lwevalini.
Umgangatho woYilo: Eyahlukileyo I-Valve I-Paysing amaxwebhu (I-E.G., I-asme, Api, Ukusuka) Yiba neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zoyilo, izixhobo, kunye nokuvavanywa.
Uhlobo lonxibelelwano: Amandla kunye nokutywinwa kokusebenza kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zoqhagamshelo ezifana nokuxhonywa, ildid, okanye iziphelo ezikhutshelweyo zichaphazela uxinzelelo lwe-valve.
Uhlobo lweValve: Uyilo lwangaphakathi lwevali ezahlukeneyo, njenge Jonga i-Valve Poist ngokuchasene ne-valve yesango, kuthetha ukuba amanqaku abo angenamandla oxinzelelo kunye nokutywina kunokwahluka.

Izixhobo zeVoveve, Ukusebenza kweqondo lobushushu kunye netafile yoqhagamshelo

Izinto zeVoveve	Uxinzelelo (Pn)	Ubushushu	Media
I-Grey i-Iron	≤ 1.0 Mpa	-10° c ukuya kwi-200 ° C	Amanzi, i-steam, umoya, irhasi, kunye neemveliso zeoyile.
Isinyithi esingenzisidenge	≤ 2.5 Mpa	-30° c ukuya kwi-300 ° C	Amanzi, i-steam, umoya, kunye neemveliso zeoyile.
I-ductile yentsimbi	≤ 4.0 Mpa	-30° c ukuya kwi-350 ° C	Amanzi, i-steam, umoya, kunye neemveliso zeoyile.
I-Acid-Portive-Intsimbi yentsimbi ye-Silicon Dactile	≤ 0.25 Mpa	< 120° c	Imithombo yeendaba.
I-carbon yensimbi	≤ 32.0 Mpa	-30° c ukuya kwi-425 ° C	Amanzi, i-steam, umoya, hydrogen, I-Ammonia, initrogen, kunye neemveliso zepetroleum.
Ubhedu	≤ 2.5 Mpa	-40° c ukuya kwi-250 ° C	Amanzi, amanzi olwandle, ioksijini, umoya, iimveliso zeoyile, kunye ne-steam.
Iqondo lobushushu ephezulu (Alloy)	≤ 17.0 Mpa	≤ 570 ° C	Iimveliso ze-Steam kunye nePetroleum. <br> Phawula: Ukhetho kufuneka luhambelane nemigangatho yexinzelelo lwexabiso le-valve.
Intsimbi ye-Crygenic (Intsimbi yeqondo eliphantsi)	≤ 6.4 Mpa	≥ -196 ° C	I-ithylene, proplenene, irhasi yendalo eqinileyo (Lng), I-nitrogen yolwelo, njl.
Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo (I-Acid-ukunganyangeki)	≤ 6.4 Mpa	≤ 200 ° C	I-nitric acid, I-acetic acid, njl.

Ungayikhetha njani i-Vali yeXesha leValve

Landela la manyathelo kwiNkqubo yokukhetha yesayensi nekhuselekileyo:

Chonga iimeko zokusebenza: Chaza ngokucacileyo inkqubo ephezulu yokusebenza kunye nobushushu obuphezulu. Esi sisiseko sokukhetha.
Khetha i-Valve: Khetha umzimba ofanelekileyo kunye nezixhobo ze-trim ngokusekwe kwi-fluid yosulelo, ubushushu, nezinye izinto.
Nxibelelana neTshathi ye-P-TRIT: Fumana i-chack chart chart chart chating ehambelana nezinto zakho ezikhethiweyo.
Qinisekisa kwaye usebenzise umda wokhuseleko: Kwitshathi, Khangela ubushushu bakho obuninzi kwaye ufumane uxinzelelo olusebenzayo olusebenzayo. Qinisekisa ukuba le nto ixabiso loxinzelelo ngaphezu kwe Inkqubo yakho ephezulu yenkqubo, kwaye ubandakanye nomda wokhuseleko (Ngokwesiqhelo 10%-25% iyacetyiswa).
Gqibezela ukulinganisa: Khetha A I-Valve I-Vandore ijika ijika i-p-t igubungela ngokupheleleyo inqaku lakho lokusebenza.

Umzekelo: Inkqubo inoxinzelelo oluninzi lokusebenza lwe 45 Ibha (malunga. 653 Psi) kunye neqondo lokushisa elingaphezulu kwe-300 ° C (572° f). I-Medium iSteam, kwaye umxholo yi-A216 WCB ye-carbon yentsimbi. Ngokudibana ne-Asme B16.34 emiselweyo, Uyakufumanisa ukuba iklasi 300 I-Valve ihlawulwe malunga 50 Ibar kuloo qondo lobushushu, kanti iklasi 150 Inqanaba le-valve lisezantsi kakhulu. Ke ngoko, Kuya kufuneka ukhethe iklasi 300 okanye ireyithi yoxinzelelo oluphezulu.

Fumana isisombululo sakho esifanelekileyo se-valve – Yenza Bmag