9 Inofanirwa-kuziva mitemo yekumanikidza valve: Kubva pakuzivikanwa kune nyanzvi yekusarudzwa

Chikumi 16, 2025

Mavharuvhu pane zvisingabvumirwe zvikamu zvemukati muzvinyorwa zvemvura, uye kunyatsonzwisisa uye kusarudza kurudyi Valve Kumanikidza chiyero chakakosha kuverengera kuchengetedza uye kugadzikana kweiyo yese system. Kusarudzwa zvisiri izvo kunogona kutungamira kuValve inodonha, kukuvara, kana kunyangwe zvakakura zvekuchengetedza zviitiko. Iyi nhungamiro ichashanda seyakarerutswa sosi yekupindura zvakarongeka mibvunzo yakakosha pamusoro pekumanikidza kwevhidhiyo.

Zviri Mukati

Chii chinonzi Valve Kumanikidza?

Valve kudzvinyirira kunoreva kune yakanyanya kubvumidzwa kumanikidza vhezheni inogona kutsungirira pakudziya kwekushisa. Pfungwa iyi inowanzo kunzwisiswa pamazinga maviri:

Kudzvanywa kwemusoro (PN): Urwu ndirwo revo renongedzo rinoshandiswa kugadzira dhizaini, Kugadzira, uye application, inomiririra iyo yakazara yekumanikidza-kubereka kugona kweValve. Inowanzozivikanwa ne “PN” uye inhare yakajairika. Izvo hazvireve kuti kufanana kwekushanda kwekushanda kunogona kuchengetedzwa zvachose tembiricha.
Kushanda Kumanikidzwa: Uku ndiko kudzvinyirira chaiko kwekumanikidza iyo vharuvhu iri kuiswa mune chaiyo-yenyika application pane chaiyo yekushandisa tembiricha. Kumanikidza kwekushanda kunofanira kugara kuri kushoma kana kuenzana neyakagoverwa kwazvo yekubvumidzwa kwekuvandudza kudzvinyirira iko kupisa uku.

Zvinorevei kuti WOG iri pane vheji wOG kuvhara

Chii chinonzi valve kudzvinyirira ratings?

A Valve Pressure Rating isiriyo yakaenzana yekuenzanisa inokwira iyo yekumanikidza yekumanikidza-kubata zvinoenderana nezvakaitika (Semateki, Mukati, Api).

Concepts uye terminology yevadzidzi vakasiyana vevamanikidza ratings

Kudzvanywa kwemusoro (PN): European Standard System (Mukati 1092-1), Kubva mumabhawa, yakateedzana yenhamba dzenhau dzine chekuita neValve's Mechanic Simba.
Kirasi chiyero (Lb): Iyo American Standard System (ASME B16.34, B16.5) yakateedzana yemakirasi zvichienderana nekumanikidzwa kunogona kutsungirira pakupisa kwakasiyana siyana. Izvi zvakakosha kuti unzwisise Valve Purning Rating Meaning, Sezvo iri intrins dzakabatanidzwa nekushisa. Marudzi ese, kubva a Gedhi Valve Pressure Rating kuna a Ball valve Pressure Rating, Tevedza iyi system.
Appi kumanikidza ratings: Iyo American Petroleum Institute (Api) inosimbisa kudzvinyirira ratings kune iyo Mafuta negesi Indasitiri, zvakaita se 2000, 3000, 5000, 10000 PSI in api 6a, izvo zvinotsanangurwa kushanda kwekumanikidza ratings.

Chii chinonzi PN zvinoreva pane vheji pn vharuvhu

Ndezvipi zvikamu zvevhuvhu kumanikidza?

Bar: Chikamu chinowanzoitika chevalti yekumanikidza valve. 1 Bar ≈ 1 mamiriro ekunze.
MPA (Megapascal): Iyo yekutanga kumanikidza unit mune International Valve system yezvikamu (Uye). 1 MPA = 1,000,000 PA.
PSI (Mapaundi pane mraba inch): Iyo Imperial Valve Unit, zvakajairika kuNorth America.
kgf / cm² (Kilogiramu-simba pane square centimeter): A technical mamiriro ekunze.

Maitiro ekuzivisa kumanikidza mamakisi pane muviri muviri?

Mameseji akakandwa kana kutsikwa pane iyo miviri yemuviri ndiyo nzira yakatwasuka yekuziva kwayo yekumanikidza. Zvigadzirwa zvakajairika zvinosanganisira:

Rating: e.e., PN16, PN25, PN40. Izvi zvinoratidza zita rekudzvinyirira rekudzvinyirira revalve mumabhawa uye chinhu chinonzwisisika muEuropean (Mukati) System system.
Kirasi (kana pound rating): e.e., 150Lb, Kirasi 150, 300Lb. Iyi ndiyo yekumanikidza yekudzvinyirira identifier yeAmerican (ASME) System system. Nhamba yacho haina zvakananga kuenderana nePSI. Kirasi 150 Valve hazvireve kuti zvinogona kungobata 150 PSI; kugona kwayo kwakananga kunofanirwa kutsanangurwa kubva kune inoenderana nekumanikidza-tembirature rating chart chart.
WOG / CWP: e.e., 600 WOG kana 1000 CWP.
- WOG inomirira mvura, Mafuta, Gasi.
- CWP inomirira kutonhora kushanda kumanikidzwa.
- WOG / CWP vari kunyanya kuchinjika uye vanoratidza kudzvinyirira kwepamhepo kunogona kubata pakushisa kwekushisa (Kazhinji -20 ° F kusvika 100 ° F or -29 ° C kusvika 38 ° C) yemvura, mafuta, uye gasi media. Semuyenzaniso, a yendarira bhora valve kudzvanywa ye “800 WOG” zvinoreva kuti inogona kubata zvakachengeteka 800 PSI pasi pekutonhora, Isiri-Yekuvhundutsa Mamiriro.

Kushanda Kwekumanikidza nekirasi– Asme B16.34-2004

Maitiro ekuverenga pakati pekumanikidzwa kwakasiyana-siyana?

Mastering unit kutendeuka kwakakosha kune kuverenga kwakaringana. Heano anozivikanwa vhezheni yekudzvinyirira shanduko:

1 MPA ≈ 145 PSI
1 Bar ≈ 14.5 PSI
1 Bar = 0.1 MPA
1 kgf / cm² ≈ 0.98 Bar ≈ 14.2 PSI

Maitiro Ekuchinja Pakati peVaviri Valve Pressure Ratings?

Uku ndiko kutsoropodza uye kazhinji kusanzwisisika pfungwa: Iko hakuna direct resematical formula yekushandura pakati pePN ratings uye kirasi ratings!

Izvi zvinodaro nekuti ivo vanobva pane dzakasiyana Systems Systems, Tembiriti dzinodziya, uye mapoka ekunyama. Zvisinei, Zvekuremerwa muinjiniya application, zvinotevera fungidziro yekunyorerana chati inogona kutaurwa. Chati iyi ndeyekutaura chete; Precise sarudzo inofanira kuve yakavakirwa pane yakatarwa chiyero.

Tafura 1: Valve Pressure Class vs. PN chiyero chekuchinja Reference

Kirasi chiyero	PN (Kudzvanywa kwemusoro)
Kirasi 150	PN 20
Kirasi 300	PN 50
Kirasi 400	PN 68
Kirasi 600	PN 110
Kirasi 900	PN 150
Kirasi 1500	PN 260
Kirasi 2500	PN 420

Hukama hwekuvharirwa-tembiricha (P-t) Ratings

The the Valve press-tembiraturation rating inonyanya kukosha pfungwa muValve Kusarudzwa. Izvo zvinomiririra kuti iyo yakanyanya kubvumidzwa kushanda kwekushanda kweValve inoderera sezvo tembiricha yekushandisa inowedzera.

Kune ese maCalves anotevera Omme Maungwa, Ratidziro yekumanikidza inotsanangurwa ne Valve kudzvinyirira tembiricha tembiricha chati. Chati iyi, Zvichienderana neValve's zvinhu (e.e., Carbon Steel A216 WCB, simbi isimbi a351 cf8m) uye Kirasi chiyero, Nhoroondo iyo yakanyanya kubvumirwa inobvumidzwa yekushandisa pakudziya kwakasiyana siyana.

Semuyenzaniso, kirasi 150 Carbon Steel Valve inogona kubata padyo 285 PSI paAmbion tembiricha, asi sezvo tembiricha ichisimuka kusvika ku300 ° C (572° F), Yayo yakanyanya kubvumidzwa kudzvanywa kunogona kudonha pazasi 100 PSI.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvakakosha zvinokanganisa vhezheni kudzvinyirira ratings?

Valve Muviri Zvinyorwa: Ichi ndicho chinhu chinosarudza. Zvinhu zvakasiyana (carbon simbi, simbi isina ngura, Alloy Simbi, ndarira) vane akasiyana masimba masimba masimba uye zvinokambaira kupokana nekushomeka kwakasiyana siyana.
Kupisa tembiricha: Sezvataurwa, tembiricha zvakananga zvinokanganisa simba uye nekudaro unotungamira iyo yekumanikidzwa kweValve-kubata.
Dhizaini Standard: Zvakasiyana Valve Pressure Rating Standard zvinyorwa (e.e., ASME, Api, Kubva) vane zvakasiyana zvinodiwa zvekugadzira, Zvigadzirwa, uye kuyedza.
Type yekubatanidza: Simba uye kuita chisimbiso chemhando dzakasiyana dzemhando dzakasiyana senge dzakapetwa, Weld, kana kuti yakaiswa misheni inokanganisa huwandu hwekudzvinyirira hwevharu.
Valve Type: Iyo yemukati madimikira emavhiri akasiyana, senge a Tarisa valve Pressure Rating inopesana neGedhi Guvande, zvinoreva avo angangove asina kusimba mapoinzi ekumanikidzwa uye chisimbiso chinogona kusiyana.

Valve Zvinyorwa, Inoshanda tembiricha uye dzvinyiriro yekuenzanisa tafura

Valve Zvinyorwa	Kumanikidza (PN)	Tembiricha	Media
Grey cast iron	≤ 1.0 MPA	-10° C kusvika 200 ° C	Mvura, Steam, mhepo, gasi, uye zvigadzirwa mafuta.
Kuvhenekwa simbi	≤ 2.5 MPA	-30° C kusvika 300 ° C	Mvura, Steam, mhepo, uye zvigadzirwa mafuta.
Ductle iron	≤ 4.0 MPA	-30° C to 350 ° C	Mvura, Steam, mhepo, uye zvigadzirwa mafuta.
Acid-inodzivirira yakakwira-silicon ductile simbi	≤ 0.25 MPA	< 120° C	CorrosivE Media.
Carbon simbi	≤ 32.0 MPA	-30° C kusvika 425 ° C	Mvura, Steam, mhepo, hydrogen, Ammonia, nitrogen, uye zvigadzirwa zvetatu.
Copper Alloy	≤ 2.5 MPA	-40° C kusvika 250 ° C	Mvura, mvura yegungwa, oxygen, mhepo, Zvigadzirwa Zvemafuta, uye steam.
Yakakwira-tembiricha yendarira (Alloy)	≤ 17.0 MPA	≤ 570 ° C	Steam uye peturu zvigadzirwa. <br> ONA: Kusarudzwa kunofanira kutevedzera nevalve kudzvinyirira-tembiricha zviyero.
Cryogenic Simbi (Yakaderera-tembiricha simbi)	≤ 6.4 MPA	≥ -196 ° C	Ethylene, propylene, Gasi rakarukwa rakasarudzika (Lng), mvura nitrogen, etc.
Simbi isina ngura (Acid-inodzivirira)	≤ 6.4 MPA	≤ 200 ° C	Nitric acid, acetic acid, etc.

Maitiro Ekusarudza Iyo Yakakodzera Valve Pressure Rating

Tevedza matanho aya ezvesarudzo yesainzi uye yakachengeteka yekusarudza:

Sarudza mamiriro ekushanda: Zvakajeka kutsanangura iyo yekunyora masisitimu yekushanda uye yakanyanya kushanda tembiricha. Uku ndiko hwaro hwekusarudzwa.
Sarudza Valve Zvinyorwa: Sarudza iyo yakakodzera muviri uye midziyo yemhando yakavakirwa pane iyo curosives, tembiricha, uye zvimwe zvinhu.
Bvunza iyo P-T Rating Chati: Tsvaga valve yekumanikidza ratidziro chati inoenderana nezvinhu zvako zvakasarudzwa.
Simbisa uye shandisa iyo yekuchengetedza margin: Pane chati, tsvaga yako yepamusoro yekushandisa tembiricha uye tsvaga iyo inoenderana inobvumirwa kudzvinyirira kumanikidza. Simbisa iyi yekumanikidza kukosha ndeye yakakura kupfuura Yako system yakanyanya kushanda, uye sanganisira iyo yekuchengetedza margin (kazhinji 10%-25% inokurudzirwa).
Kupedzisa chiyero: Sarudza a Valve Pressure Rating Yayo P-T Curve inofukidza zvizere nzvimbo yako yekushandisa.

Muenzaniso: Hurongwa hune huwandu hwekushanda hwakawanda hwekushanda 45 Bar (approx. 653 PSI) uye tembiricha yakakwira ye300 ° C (572° F). Iyo yepakati iri steam, uye zvinyorwa zvinoshandiswa ASTM A216 WCB Carbon Steel. Nekubvunza iyo ASME b16.34 standard, Iwe waizoona kuti kirasi 300 Valve inodudzwa kweanenge 50 Bar panguva yekupisa, nepo kirasi 150 Chiyero cheValve chiri kure zvakaderera. Saka, Iwe unofanirwa kusarudza kirasi 300 kana yepamusoro kudzvinyirira ratidziro.

Tsvaga yako yakakodzera valve solution – Simbisa ne BMAG